Laodicea was founded around 261 to 253 BCE by Seleucid King Antiochus II Theos, who named it after his wife, Laodice. Located in the Lycus Valley near Pamukkale, the city was known for its hot springs, which had attracted people seeking healing since ancient times. Its Seleucid origins also link it to Daniel 11, where the struggle between the "King of the North" and the "King of the South" shaped the region's history.

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By the first century CE, Laodicea was a wealthy commercial center known for its fine black wool, eye salve, and textiles. After a severe earthquake in 60 or 61 CE, the city was rebuilt through its own resources, reflecting its confidence and self-sufficiency. This prosperous city is the setting for Jesus' message to the congregation in Revelation 3:14-22, which speaks of lukewarm water, white garments, and eye salve.

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Today, the region remains an important center for textiles. Surrounded by cotton fields, it is known for high-quality towels and textile products, many of which are exported abroad. Visitors often enjoy browsing local shops to take home these well-made goods.

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Within just ten years, the Archaeology Department of Pamukkale University has brought significant areas of the ancient city to light, and excavation work continues successfully today.

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Jesus' Illustrations: Lukewarm, Black Wool, and Eye Salve (Rev. 3:14-18)

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On the tour, we see that when Jesus addressed the Christians living here in Revelation 3:14-18, He used very specific illustrations. When we visit and consider the layout of the city, the products made here, and how important these were to the people of the city, we will understand much better why Jesus chose these particular illustrations and what message He wanted to give to Christians as we walk through the city.

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